Eating disorder resources for families & friends

Key Takeaways

• GLP-1 receptor agonists, including medications such as semaglutide (Ozempic and Wegovy) and tirzepatide (Maunjaro and Zepbound), are widely prescribed for diabetes and weight-related conditions.  

• Researchers are now exploring whether these medications may also influence addictive behaviors by affecting reward pathways in the brain.  

• Early findings suggest potential effects on alcohol, opioid, and stimulant use, but the research remains limited and inconclusive.  

• GLP-1 medications are not approved for addiction treatment and should not replace established, evidence-based care. Understanding the emerging science can help individuals have informed, thoughtful conversations with their healthcare providers.  

Why GLP-1s Are Being Studied for Addiction  

Interest in GLP-1 receptor agonists has increased rapidly as these medications become more widely used for diabetes and weight-related conditions. Alongside their metabolic effects, clinicians and researchers have begun observing reported behavioral changes in some individuals, raising new research questions about how these medications interact with the brain.  

Current scientific interest is focused on how GLP-1s may influence systems involved in reward, impulse control, and motivation. Because eating behaviors and addiction share overlapping neurobiological pathways, researchers are exploring whether medications designed for appetite and glucose regulation could also affect other forms of craving or compulsive behavior.  

Key drivers behind GLP-1 and addiction research include:

• Rapid expansion in the use of GLP-1 medications such as semaglutide (Ozempic and Wegovy) and tirzepatide (Maunjaro and Zepbound)  

• Reports of changes in cravings, alcohol use, or reward-seeking behaviors beyond weight loss  

• Increased public conversation and clinical curiosity about psychological and behavioral effects  

• Scientific interest in GLP-1 activity within reward pathways and dopamine signaling  

• Recognition that appetite regulation and addiction involve shared neural mechanisms  

This research is still emerging, and findings should be interpreted with caution. This article is intended for educational purposes only and does not provide medical advice or treatment recommendations.  

What Are GLP-1 Medications?  

GLP-1 receptor agonists are medications designed to mimic the action of glucagon-like peptide-1, a naturally occurring hormone involved in blood sugar regulation and appetite signaling. They are most commonly prescribed within metabolic care and are not approved as treatments for addiction.  

Common examples of GLP-1 receptor agonists include:

• Semaglutides(Ozempic and Wegovy)  

• Tirzepatide (Maunjaro and Zepbound)  

• Liraglutide (Victoza and Saxenda)  

These medications are currently approved for specific medical uses, including:  

• Management of Type 2 diabetes  

• Treatment of certain weight-related medical comorbidities, following clinical guidelines  

From a physiological perspective, GLP-1 medications support metabolic regulation through several coordinated effects:  

• Increasing insulin secretion in response to food intake  

• Slowing gastric emptying, which prolongs feelings of fullness  

• Reducing glucagon release to help stabilize blood glucose levels  

Beyond digestion and metabolism, GLP-1 receptors are also found in brain regions involved in reward, motivation, and decision-making. This gut–brain connection, often called the brain–gut axis, helps explain why medications targeting appetite and digestion may also influence cravings or reward-related behaviors.  

For this reason, researchers are exploring potential behavioral effects of GLP-1 medications, even though this is not their intended or approved use.  

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Why Scientists Are Exploring GLP-1s for Addiction Treatment  

Interest in GLP-1 receptor agonists within addiction research is growing as scientists continue to examine how substance use disorders are shaped by brain reward systems. In particular, researchers are focused on whether medications that influence appetite and metabolic signaling may also affect pathways involved in craving, motivation, and reinforcement.  

Current research attention centers on the mesolimbic dopamine system, which is involved in reward processing and is activated by substances such as alcohol, opioids, and stimulants. Because GLP-1 receptors are present in brain regions connected to this system, researchers are exploring whether GLP-1 medications could indirectly influence addictive behaviors.  

Key areas of scientific investigation include:

• The role of GLP-1 signaling in modulating dopamine release and reward sensitivity  

• Potential effects on motivation, reinforcement, and impulse-driven behavior  

• Overlap between neural pathways involved in appetite regulation and substance use  

Much of the early evidence comes from preclinical animal studies. In controlled laboratory settings, GLP-1 receptor activation has been associated with:  

• Reductions in alcohol intake  

• Decreased opioid-seeking behaviors  

• Lower rates of binge-like consumption patterns  

However, findings from animal models do not always translate directly to human outcomes.  

Human research remains limited and inconclusive. Early clinical trials and observational reports have produced mixed results, including:  

• Some reports of reduced interest in alcohol or other substances  

• No observed behavioral change in other participants  

• Small sample sizes and short study durations  

At this time, there is no conclusive evidence supporting GLP-1 medications as treatments for addiction. This research is novel, evolving, and not sufficient to inform clinical recommendations.  

‍GLP-1s and Alcohol Addiction  

Alcohol use has been one of the most closely examined areas within GLP-1 addiction research, largely due to early observations suggesting possible changes in drinking behavior among some individuals using these medications. While findings remain preliminary, they have prompted further scientific exploration.  

Recent research and observational reports have highlighted:

• Self-reported reductions in alcohol cravings among some individuals taking GLP-1 medications  

• Decreases in alcohol consumption noted in limited human studies  

• Reduced alcohol-seeking behavior observed in animal models  

Researchers have proposed several mechanisms that may help explain these findings, including:  

• Modulation of dopamine signaling within reward-related brain pathways  

• Reduced reinforcement or reward response associated with alcohol intake  

• Altered motivation or craving intensity related to substance use  

It is important to note that existing studies have significant limitations, such as:  

• Small sample sizes and short study durations  

• Reliance on self-reported alcohol use rather than objective measures  

• A lack of randomized, controlled clinical trials  

Key context to keep in mind:  

• GLP-1 medications are not approved for the treatment of alcohol use disorder  

• Reported effects vary widely between individuals  

• Current evidence is insufficient to establish causation or clinical benefit  

Research in this area is ongoing, and no definitive conclusions can be drawn at this time.  

GLP-1s and Other Substance Use Disorders  

Beyond alcohol, researchers are beginning to examine whether GLP-1 receptor agonists may influence other substance use disorders. Areas of emerging interest include opioid, nicotine, and stimulant use, though the evidence base remains very limited.  

Early findings around GLP-1s and addiction preclinical research suggest:

• Reduced drug-seeking behaviors in animal models involving opioids, nicotine, and stimulants  

• Possible changes in reward sensitivity and reinforcement mechanisms  

• Overlap between neural pathways involved in appetite regulation and substance use  

However, translating these findings to human populations has proven challenging. Human-focused research in this area is sparse and often relies on indirect or observational data rather than controlled trials.  

Key limitations of the current research include:  

• Small sample sizes in early or pilot human studies  

• Heavy reliance on animal models that may not reflect real-world substance use  

• Limited duration of studies and inconsistent outcome measures  

• The absence of FDA approval for GLP-1 medications in treating substance use disorders  

Important context to keep in mind:  

• Addiction is influenced by psychological, social, and environmental factors beyond biology  

• Medications alone are not sufficient to address substance use disorders  

• Evidence-based therapies remain the standard of care  

At this time, GLP-1 medications should not be considered treatments for opioid, nicotine, or stimulant use disorders. Ongoing research is needed before any clinical conclusions can be drawn.  

Are GLP-1s Effective for Addiction?  

Based on current evidence, it is too early to conclude that GLP-1 receptor agonists are effective treatments for addiction. While early findings have generated interest, the research remains preliminary and does not support clinical recommendations at this time.  

Some aspects of the research appear promising, while others remain unproven:  

What appears promising so far:  

• Reduced substance-seeking behavior observed in animal models  

• Anecdotal and observational reports of decreased cravings in some individuals  

• Growing scientific interest in shared reward pathways between appetite and addiction  

What remains unproven or unclear:  

• Whether observed effects lead to sustained recovery outcomes  

• How GLP-1s affect the psychological and social dimensions of addiction  

• Whether benefits, if present, are consistent across substances or populations  

Differences in study design also limit interpretation:  

• Animal trials do not reliably predict human outcomes  

• Observational data cannot establish causation  

• Controlled human trials remain small, limited, and inconsistent  

Safety considerations are equally important and must be weighed carefully:  

• Common side effects include nausea, appetite suppression, and gastrointestinal distress  

• Changes in appetite or weight may interact with existing mental health symptoms  

• For individuals with eating disorders, appetite-suppressing effects may pose particular risks  

Given these uncertainties, GLP-1 medications should not replace evidence-based addiction treatments. More rigorous research is needed before any clinical conclusions can be drawn.  

GLP-1s and Eating Disorders: Important Considerations  

GLP-1 receptor agonists present unique clinical complexities for individuals with current or past eating disorders. Because these medications directly affect appetite, weight, and food-related cues, they may interact in unintended ways with eating disorder symptoms and recovery processes.  

Key reasons GLP-1s require heightened caution in eating disorder populations include:

• Appetite suppression that may reinforce restrictive behaviors  

• Rapid or significant weight changes that can increase psychological distress  

• Heightened focus on food intake, body cues, or weight-related outcomes  

• Temporary behavioral changes that may mask symptoms rather than address underlying drivers  

Eating disorders are multifaceted mental health conditions that cannot be effectively treated through appetite or weight changes alone. Without careful oversight, medications that alter hunger and satiety signals may destabilize nutritional status or delay appropriate psychological intervention.  

Important safety and readiness considerations include:  

• Ongoing evaluation of nutritional stability and medical risk  

• Assessment of psychological readiness and vulnerability to relapse  

• Monitoring for increased rigidity, compulsive behaviors, or distress around eating  

• Integration of medication decisions within a broader treatment plan  

At Monte Nido, care is grounded in a comprehensive, evidence-based approach that includes:  

• Medical monitoring to ensure physical safety  

• Individualized nutrition therapy to support nourishment and stability  

• Evidence-based psychotherapy to address emotional, cognitive, and behavioral drivers  

Medication use, when considered, must align with safety, recovery readiness, and long-term healing goals rather than short-term symptom suppression.  

What About Addiction and Eating Disorders Together?  

Eating disorders and substance use disorders frequently co-occur, creating added clinical complexity and increased risk. Substances may be used to manage anxiety, suppress appetite, regulate mood, or cope with distress related to eating disorder symptoms. When both conditions are present, treatment requires a coordinated and integrated approach.  

Key considerations in co-occurring eating disorders and substance use include:

• High rates of overlap between eating disorders and substance use disorders  

• Increased medical, nutritional, and psychological risk when conditions interact  

• Greater vulnerability to relapse if only one condition is addressed  

Effective care treats both conditions simultaneously rather than in isolation. Integrated treatment models focus on stabilizing physical health while addressing emotional regulation, coping skills, and behavioral patterns that drive both disorders.  

Evidence-based therapies commonly used in integrated care include:  

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Enhanced (CBT-E)

• Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)  

• Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)  

• Family-Based Treatment (FBT), when appropriate  

These approaches support skill-building, emotional regulation, and long-term relapse prevention across diagnoses.  

Important context for emerging research:  

• GLP-1 research may eventually inform future understanding of overlapping reward pathways  

• Current evidence does not support GLP-1s as a treatment for co-occurring conditions  

• GLP-1 medications are not part of existing evidence-based treatment pathways  

At this time, specialized, integrated care remains the standard for treating co-occurring eating disorders and substance use disorders.  

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Should GLP-1s Be Used for Addiction Treatment Right Now?  

Based on the current body of research, GLP-1 receptor agonists should not be used as treatments for addiction at this time. Evidence remains limited and inconclusive, and these medications are not approved for substance use disorders.  

Current clinical consensus reflects the following:  

• Research findings are preliminary and insufficient to guide treatment decisions  

• No regulatory approval exists for using GLP-1s in addiction treatment  

• Early signals do not outweigh the lack of long-term outcome data  

Instead, clinicians continue to recommend established, evidence-based approaches, including:  

• Behavioral therapies tailored to substance use disorders  

• Medication-assisted treatment when medically indicated  

• Comprehensive psychosocial support and relapse-prevention planning  

Comprehensive assessment remains a cornerstone of safe and effective care. Clinical decision-making should account for:  

• Medical history and current physical health  

• Mental health diagnoses and symptom severity  

• Substance use patterns and environmental risk factors  

Heightened caution is especially important for individuals with eating disorders or suspected eating disorders. In these populations, GLP-1 medications may:  

• Suppress appetite in ways that destabilize recovery  

• Mask symptoms without addressing underlying drivers  

• Increase psychological distress related to food, weight, or control  

Any consideration of GLP-1 use should involve careful medical oversight, psychological evaluation, and ongoing monitoring. At present, evidence-based addiction treatments remain the standard of care.  

Evidence-Based Treatments for Addiction and Co-Occurring Eating Disorders  

Treating substance use disorders alongside eating disorders requires an integrated, whole-person model of care. Because these conditions interact medically, psychologically, and behaviorally, effective treatment must address more than symptoms alone.  

At Monte Nido, care is built on coordinated support across disciplines, ensuring safety while promoting long-term recovery. Programs are grounded in research-informed practices and tailored to meet the needs of individuals with co-occurring conditions.  

Core elements of effective, integrated treatment include:  

• Medical oversight to monitor physical health, medication effects, and safety  

• Nutritional rehabilitation to support stability, nourishment, and recovery from disordered eating patterns  

• Evidence-based psychotherapy to address emotional regulation, coping skills, and underlying drivers  

Skills-based and relapse-prevention-focused therapies play a central role, including:  

• Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) to support emotion regulation and distress tolerance  

• Cognitive Behavioral Therapy–Enhanced (CBT-E) to address eating disorder behaviors and beliefs  

• Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) to build psychological flexibility and values-based action  

Family involvement is especially important for adolescents and may include:  

• Family-Based Treatment (FBT) approaches  

• Education and support to strengthen recovery environments  

Across all levels of care, treatment emphasizes:  

• Individualized planning based on comprehensive assessment  

• Compassionate, inclusive, and recovery-oriented support  

• Attention to the whole person rather than isolated diagnoses  

Monte Nido’s approach integrates clinical expertise and ongoing research to support safe, sustainable recovery for individuals with co-occurring addiction and eating disorders.  

GLP-1s and Addiction FAQs  

Are GLP-1 medications approved to treat addiction?  

No. GLP-1 receptor agonists are approved for conditions such as Type 2 diabetes and certain weight-related indications, not for addiction treatment. Research on substance use outcomes is still emerging, and these medications should not be viewed as a substitute for established addiction care.  

Can GLP-1s reduce cravings for alcohol or other substances?  

Some early findings and patient reports suggest possible reductions in cravings or use for certain substances, especially alcohol, but results are mixed. Much of the current evidence comes from animal studies, observational data, or small human studies. That means we do not yet know who may respond, what dose or duration would matter, or whether any changes are sustained over time.  

Are GLP-1s safe for people with eating disorders?  

Caution is warranted. Appetite suppression, gastrointestinal side effects, and rapid weight changes can be clinically destabilizing for individuals with current or past eating disorders. If a GLP-1 is being considered, it should involve thorough screening, clear medical rationale, and close monitoring of nutrition, mood, and eating disorder symptoms.  

Could GLP-1s become part of addiction treatment in the future?  

Possibly, but more rigorous clinical trials are needed before GLP-1s could be recommended as an addiction intervention. Future research will need to clarify effectiveness, safety, and how medications might fit alongside therapy and recovery supports.  

What should I do if I’m considering GLP-1s and have a history of disordered eating?  

Talk with your prescribing provider and request an eating disorder-informed assessment. If you have active symptoms or a history of restriction, bingeing, purging, or compulsive exercise, involve a treatment team who can support medical safety, psychological monitoring and nutritional stability.  

Understanding Emerging Research and Choosing Safe, Evidence-Based Care  

Emerging research on GLP-1 medications highlights the importance of curiosity balanced with caution. While early findings raise interesting questions, GLP-1s are not a replacement for evidence-based addiction treatment or eating disorder care. Individualized assessment, clinical oversight, and comprehensive support remain essential.  

For those navigating addiction, eating disorders, or both, choosing treatment grounded in established science offers the strongest foundation for recovery. Monte Nido provides integrated, evidence-based care designed to address the full complexity of these conditions and can help individuals and families explore safe, appropriate treatment options.  

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Key Takeaways

• Eating disorders are common among college students, where academic pressure, new independence, shifting routines, and constant social comparison can strain mental health.  

• Students of all genders, body sizes, and identities can be affected by eating disorders. Early signs may include changes around food, social withdrawal, compulsive exercise, or declining mood.  

• Treatment is available on and off campus, including outpatient, virtual, and higher-level care. With individualized, evidence-based support, recovery is possible, and students do not have to navigate this season alone.  

Why are Eating Disorders Common in College?  

College represents a major developmental transition that can challenge emotional regulation, routine, and self-care. Students are often managing academic demands, social pressures, and independent living for the first time, all while adjusting to irregular schedules and limited structure.  

Regular meals, sleep, and stress management can become inconsistent, particularly during busy academic periods. For some students, these disruptions interact with perfectionism, anxiety, or prior vulnerabilities, increasing risk for disordered eating patterns. The absence of familiar support systems can also make it harder for early symptoms to be noticed or addressed.  

Beyond logistics, campus culture can normalize behaviors that overlap with eating disorder symptoms, such as skipping meals, excessive exercise, or constant comparison. When stress and self-worth become tied to performance or appearance, food and body control may feel like coping tools. Importantly, eating disorders can affect any student, regardless of major, background, or personality, and they do not follow a single narrative or presentation.  

Contributing pressures often include:  

• Transitioning away from home-based routines and external structure  

• Academic environments that reward overwork and perfectionism  

• Social settings that emphasize appearance, fitness, or productivity  

• Irregular schedules that disrupt consistent eating patterns  

• Reduced visibility of distress due to independence and privacy  

• Risk across all identities, not just those traditionally associated with eating disorders  

How Common Are Eating Disorders in College Students?  

Eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors are widely reported among college populations, though exact prevalence varies by campus and study design. Research consistently shows elevated rates among college-aged women compared to the general population, but this does not mean other students are unaffected.  

Male, transgender, and nonbinary students also experience eating disorders, often in ways that are overlooked due to stereotypes about who develops these conditions. Many students experience clinically significant distress or impairment related to eating, even if they do not meet full diagnostic criteria.  

Underreporting remains a major challenge. Students may minimize symptoms, feel unsure whether their struggles are “serious enough,” or fear stigma. Others may not recognize their behaviors as disordered because dieting, body dissatisfaction, and irregular eating are normalized in college culture. As a result, campus data likely underestimates how many students could benefit from support.  

What prevalence data suggests:  

• Higher rates of eating disorder symptoms among college-aged women (NEDA, https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/statistics-research-eating-disorders)  

• Increasing recognition of eating disorders among male students, often linked to muscularity or performance concerns  

• Elevated risk among transgender and nonbinary students due to minority stress and body-related distress (NEDA, https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/eating-disorders-in-lgbtq-community)  

• Significant underdiagnosis due to stigma, secrecy, and misconceptions about appearance-based criteria  

Why Eating Disorders Often Go Unrecognized on Campus  

Eating disorders can be difficult to identify in college settings because many warning signs blend into what is considered “normal” student behavior. Skipped meals, erratic sleep, intense exercise, and high stress are often seen as expected parts of campus life. Students may also hide symptoms to maintain independence or avoid concern from family and peers. Even when distress is present, short appointments or limited screening in campus health settings can delay identification.  

Common barriers to recognition include:  

• Stigma around discussing food, weight, and mental health  

• Dieting and overexercise framed as discipline or wellness  

• Narrow assumptions about what eating disorders “look like”  

• Limited screening or specialized training in some campus services  

Causes of Eating Disorders in College Students  

Eating disorders develop through a complex interaction of biological, psychological, and environmental factors. Some students enter college with preexisting vulnerabilities, such as anxiety, depression, trauma history, or perfectionistic traits. Others may have a prior history of disordered eating that becomes more difficult to manage once structure and support change. College environments can amplify these risks by increasing stress while decreasing routine and oversight.  

Campus life introduces unique triggers that can intensify eating disorder behaviors. Dining hall systems, long gaps between classes, and unpredictable schedules can make regular nourishment challenging.  

Social environments may heighten comparison or reinforce appearance-based norms, particularly in certain organizations or activities. For students navigating identity development, including gender expression or cultural belonging, body image distress may be compounded by social stress or discrimination. When food or exercise becomes a way to manage overwhelm or regain control, patterns can escalate quickly.  

Factors that may contribute include:  

• Biological predispositions and family history  

• Psychological traits such as perfectionism or rigidity  

• Academic pressure and chronic stress  

• Social isolation or homesickness  

• Fraternity, sorority, athletic, or performance-based cultures  

• Disrupted meal routines and limited food access  

• Identity-related stress involving gender, culture, or belonging  

The Role of Stress, Anxiety, and Depression  

Mental health concerns often intensify during college, with many students experiencing anxiety or depression for the first time. Academic expectations, financial stress, social comparison, and uncertainty about the future can all contribute to emotional strain.  

When coping resources are limited, eating disorder behaviors may emerge as attempts to regulate mood, numb distress, or restore a sense of control. Over time, these behaviors can worsen mental health rather than relieve it.  

Key connections include:  

• Stress disrupting hunger cues, sleep, and routine  

• Anxiety increasing rigidity around food or exercise  

• Depression reducing motivation for nourishment and self-care  

• Early intervention helping prevent symptom escalation  
   

Social Media and Body Image Pressure  

Social media exposes college students to constant comparison, curated images, and appearance-focused messaging. Diet trends, fitness challenges, and “what I eat in a day” content can normalize restrictive behaviors and reinforce unrealistic expectations. During a developmental stage when identity and belonging are still forming, these messages can significantly impact body image and self-worth.  

Key pressures include:  

• Algorithm-driven exposure to dieting and fitness content  

• Reinforcement through likes, comments, and progress narratives  

• Blurred lines between wellness messaging and disordered eating  

• Unrealistic body ideals presented as achievable or healthy  

Warning Signs of Eating Disorders in College  

Warning signs of eating disorders in college students can vary widely and may not be immediately obvious. Some students show visible changes, while others maintain high academic or social functioning despite significant internal distress.  

Because eating disorders affect people of all body sizes and identities, appearance alone is not a reliable indicator. Paying attention to behavioral, physical, academic, and emotional changes can support earlier recognition and intervention.  

Potential warning signs include:  

• Behavioral changes such as skipping meals, avoiding food-related situations, or rigid eating rules  

• Increased preoccupation with calories, weight, or exercise  

• Physical symptoms like fatigue, dizziness, or sensitivity to cold  

• Emotional shifts including irritability, anxiety, or low mood  

• Academic difficulties or loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities  

• Symptoms presenting differently across individuals  
   

Academic and Social Changes to Pay Attention To  

Changes in academic performance or social engagement can signal that a student is struggling, even if they have not shared concerns directly. These shifts may reflect growing preoccupation with food, body image, or exercise that interferes with daily functioning.  

Examples to watch for:  

• Withdrawing from friends, clubs, or campus activities  

• Avoiding dining halls or shared meals  

• Declining concentration or increased academic rigidity  

• Missing classes due to food or exercise routines  

When Eating Disorder Behaviors Begin During College  

For many students, eating disorder behaviors emerge during freshman or sophomore year, when transitions are most intense. While some disruption is expected during adjustment, persistent or worsening patterns warrant attention.  

Distinguishing factors include:  

• Symptoms may begin gradually during times of high stress, homesickness, or transition between semesters  

• New habits around food or exercise that feel rigid, rule-bound, or distressing are more concerning than short-term routine changes  

• Persistent preoccupation with weight, shape, or performance may indicate more than typical adjustment  

• Clinical symptoms interfere with health, mood, or functioning and do not resolve as the semester progresses  

 
Eating Disorder College Readiness: Preparing for the Transition  

Preparing for college looks different when an eating disorder is part of the picture. In addition to academic planning, it is important to think about how regular meals, treatment appointments, and coping skills will fit into campus life.  

For some students, this may mean adjusting the timing of college, the number of courses taken, or the supports in place before moving away from home. Taking time to plan is not a setback. It is a way of protecting recovery and laying a foundation for a safer transition. These conversations can be revisited over time as needs, goals, and readiness change.  

Key planning considerations include:  

• Helping students transition safely from high school treatment to college, including communication between current providers and campus resources  

• Identifying whether a student is ready for campus life, based on their ability to eat regularly, use coping skills, and seek help when needed  

• Creating a relapse-prevention plan that outlines early warning signs, support people, and steps to take if symptoms return  

• Coordinating with campus health services, counseling centers, disability services, and dining programs as appropriate  

• Considering options such as starting college later, taking a partial course load, living at home, or entering higher-level care first when stability is not yet in place  

Questions Students and Families Should Consider  

Reflecting honestly on a few key questions can help students and families decide what kind of support is needed before and during college. There are no perfect answers, but noticing where more structure or help might be necessary can guide next steps.  

• “Can I eat consistently without external structure, such as family members, reminders, or meal support at home?”  

• “How will I manage dining hall routines, snacks between classes, and weekends when schedules change?”  

• “Do I need meal support, nutrition sessions, or regular check ins with my treatment team to stay on track?”  

• “Do I have a plan for triggers, stress, or body image struggles, including who I will reach out to and what helps me cope?”  

Treatment Options for College Students With Eating Disorders  

College students have a range of treatment options, and the right choice depends on the severity of symptoms, medical needs, and daily demands. Some students can receive support entirely on campus, while others benefit from specialized care in the community or through higher-level programs.  

Treatment does not have to mean stepping away from school forever. Instead, the goal is to match support to what is needed for safety and recovery at each point in time and to revisit that plan as circumstances change. With the right coordination, many students are able to pursue healing and education together.  

• On-campus supports, such as counseling centers, student health services, and peer groups, which may provide initial assessment, brief therapy, or referrals  

• Off-campus therapy with clinicians who specialize in eating disorders and understand the unique pressures of college life  

• Virtual treatment options that allow students to access structured care, such as intensive outpatient or day treatment, while remaining on or near campus when appropriate  

• Higher-level care, including intensive outpatient programs, partial hospitalization, residential treatment, or inpatient hospitalization when safety or medical stability is a concern  

• Coordination between campus staff, families, and treatment programs to support smooth transitions and academic planning  

When Students May Need to Step Out of School Temporarily  

In some situations, the safest and most compassionate choice is for a student to pause or reduce their academic load in order to focus on recovery. This decision can be emotionally difficult, especially in a culture that values constant productivity, yet it often reflects courage rather than failure.  

Taking time to stabilize health and strengthen coping skills can make it easier to return to school with more support in place.  

• Safety and medical stability come first, including vital signs, lab results, and the ability to complete meals  

• Academic functioning may be significantly affected by symptoms, making it hard to attend classes or keep up with work  

• Stabilization in a higher-level of care can provide structure, supervision, and intensive support before returning  

• Many students pause, receive treatment, and later return to school successfully with a stronger foundation for recovery  

Supporting a Friend or Roommate With an Eating Disorder  

Friends and roommates often notice changes before anyone else, and their response can make a real difference. It is not a friend’s job to diagnose or treat an eating disorder, but expressing concern and offering support can help someone feel less alone and more willing to reach out for professional help. Approaching the conversation with care, rather than criticism, is key.  

• What peers can do: speak privately, share specific observations, use “I” statements, and name care and concern instead of judgment  

• Offer to help connect them with campus counseling, student health, or an outside provider and follow up if they agree  

• Avoid diet talk, body comments, or comparing your own eating, weight, or exercise to theirs  

• What peers should not do: monitor their food, pressure them to eat a certain amount, or comment on their body or appearance  

• Encourage them to involve trusted adults or professionals if they feel comfortable, and remind them they do not have to figure this out alone  

College Student and Eating Disorder FAQs  

What percentage of college students struggle with eating disorders?  

There is no single number that captures all campuses, but studies suggest that a notable portion of college-aged women and a growing number of male and gender-diverse students report disordered eating or body image concerns at clinically significant levels (https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/statistics-research-eating-disorders). Many cases are never formally diagnosed.  

Why are eating disorders so common in college?  

College combines stress, new independence, irregular routines, and identity transitions. These factors can increase vulnerability, especially for students with a history of anxiety, depression, or prior concerns around food and body image.  

Are eating disorders treatable while in school?  

Yes. With the right level of care, many students receive treatment while continuing classes, adjusting course loads, or taking brief breaks as needed. Treatment plans are individualized and may include campus support, outpatient therapy, or higher-level care.  

How can I tell if my child is ready for college after treatment?  

Readiness includes the ability to eat consistently, use coping skills, seek help when struggling, and maintain safety without constant external monitoring. Treatment teams can help families assess timing and support needs.  

How do I find help on or off campus?  

You can start with campus counseling centers, student health services, or trusted staff. Many families also seek specialized programs, such as Monte Nido, that offer higher-level or virtual care and can coordinate with schools.  

Recovery in College Is Possible With the Right Support  

Beginning or continuing college while navigating an eating disorder can feel overwhelming, but it is possible to move toward recovery with the right support. Feeling pressure, stress, or doubt during this time does not mean you are failing. It means you are human, living through a major transition that asks a lot of your mind and body. You deserve care that honors both your health and your hopes for the future.  

College can be challenging, but recovery is possible with timely, individualized support. Early intervention can protect health, academics, and relationships. Monte Nido offers multiple pathways to care for students entering, navigating, or returning to college, and admissions teams can help guide next steps.  

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Key Takeaways

• Eating disorder treatment is available in different formats, including virtual and in-person day treatment programs such as Partial Hospitalization Programs (PHP) and Intensive Outpatient Programs (IOP), as well as residential and inpatient care, both in-person.  

• Virtual care can increase access, flexibility, and continuity for people balancing school, work, or family responsibilities. In-person care provides structured programming, supervised meals, and face-to-face therapeutic and medical support.  

• The right fit depends on symptoms, medical stability, home environment, and personal preferences. Monte Nido offers both virtual and in-person pathways so individuals of all ages, identities, and body sizes can receive affirming, evidence-based help on their recovery journey.  

Understanding Your Eating Disorder Treatment Options  

Choosing a level of care is not just about convenience. The program you choose shapes how much structure, monitoring, and support you receive each week, and how treatment fits into school, work, or family life. Many people move between levels of care as needed, starting with more intensive care and stepping down as stability grows. Your safety and recovery goals stay constant.  

Available options include:  

• Virtual PHP and IOP  

• In person PHP and IOP day treatment

• Residential treatment (24-hour care)  

• Inpatient treatment for medical and psychiatric stabilization (24-hour care)  

Both virtual and in-person programs can be effective when they match your symptoms, medical needs, and support system. If you feel unsure, it is completely valid to ask questions. Our admissions and clinical teams can help you understand your options and recommend a starting point that feels safe and doable.

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What Is Virtual Eating Disorder Treatment?  

Virtual eating disorder treatment allows you to participate in structured programming from home or another private setting while still working closely with a multidisciplinary team.  

At Monte Nido, virtual PHP and IOP follow set schedules that may include individual therapy, groups, nutrition sessions, and supported meals delivered through secure telehealth platforms. Care is led by clinicians who specialize in eating disorders and rely on approaches that are consistent with those used in day treatment programs.  

Virtual care is designed for adolescents and adults who are medically stable enough to remain at home but need more support than weekly outpatient therapy. This format can be helpful when distance, transportation, mobility, or busy schedules make it difficult to attend in person. It can also support continuity after residential or inpatient care by keeping clients connected to a structured program as they transition back into daily life.  

Key features of virtual care include:

• Scheduled individual, group, and nutrition sessions  

• A focus on regular nourishment and skills practice in real time  

• Clinicians trained in eating disorder treatment and telehealth delivery  

• The ability to participate from a familiar, private environment  

Across these elements, the goal remains the same as in person programs: to help you move toward recovery with consistent, compassionate support.  

What Online Eating Disorder Therapy Usually Includes  

Virtual eating disorder treatment usually includes many of the same elements as in-person day treatment, adapted to a virtual format so you can join from home.  

• Individual therapy to explore thoughts, emotions, and behaviors and set weekly recovery goals with your therapist  

• Group therapy to build connection, learn skills, and practice new coping tools alongside peers  

• Nutrition counseling to support regular eating, meal planning, and exposure to challenging foods with guidance from a dietitian  

• Supported meals or meal coaching to help you follow your plan in real time  

• Family sessions, especially for adolescents, to strengthen communication and support at home  

• Ongoing care coordination so your treatment team can stay in touch with medical or psychiatric providers when needed  

Together, these components create a structured, team-based approach even when you are not in the same physical room.  

Benefits of Virtual Eating Disorder Care  

Virtual eating disorder care can make treatment more reachable without sacrificing structure or connection. For many people, this format removes practical barriers that might otherwise delay getting help.  

Benefits can include:  

• Increased access for people who live far from specialized programs or have limited transportation  

• Greater flexibility for students, working adults, and caregivers who need to fit treatment into busy schedules  

• The ability to participate from a familiar home environment, which can feel safer or more comfortable for some clients  

• Easier involvement of family members or supports who live in the same household  

• Continuity of care when stepping down from residential, inpatient, or in-person day treatment  

• Reduced time and cost associated with commuting to and from a center  

• Access to affirming spaces for LGBTQIA+ clients, BIPOC clients, and others who may have limited local option  

These advantages can make it easier to stay engaged in recovery work over time.  

When Virtual Care May Not Be Enough  

Virtual care is not the safest or most effective option for everyone. Some individuals require the added structure, supervision, and monitoring that only in-person, residential, or inpatient programs can provide.  

Virtual treatment may not be enough when:  

• There is medical instability, such as concerning vital signs, rapid weight changes, or other health complications  

• There are significant safety concerns, including suicidal thoughts, self-harm, or behaviors that place the body at immediate risk  

• You need hands on meal support or frequent redirection around purging, laxative use, or compulsive exercise  

• Co-occurring medical or psychiatric conditions require close observation or regular in person assessments  

• Home is not a safe or supportive environment for practicing recovery skills  

• Previous outpatient or virtual attempts have not led to progress or stabilization  

In these cases, a higher level of care is usually recommended first, with the option to step into virtual programming later as stability improves.  

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What Is In-Person Eating Disorder Treatment?  

In-person eating disorder treatment includes several levels of care that take place at a treatment center rather than at home. At the day treatment level, this usually means Partial Hospitalization Programs and Intensive Outpatient Programs, which provide structured support during the day and allow clients to return home at night.  

Programming often includes individual therapy, group therapy, nutrition sessions, supported meals, and regular check-ins with a multidisciplinary team that may include therapists, dietitians, and medical providers.  

Higher levels of care such as residential treatment and inpatient hospitalization provide 24-hour structure for people who need intensive monitoring, medical stabilization, or constant support. Many clients move between these levels over the course of recovery as needs change and as new stressors or transitions arise.  

In-person treatment can serve different roles:

• PHP and IOP to provide daily or near daily structure without overnight stays  

• Residential care when round the clock supervision and support are needed  

• Inpatient hospitalization for acute medical or psychiatric stabilization  

• Step down support after hospitalization to help clients transition back into daily life  

Across all levels, the focus is on safety, nourishment, and building skills that support both immediate stabilization and long term recovery.  

Benefits of In-Person Treatment  

In-person care offers advantages that are difficult to fully replicate in a virtual format. Being physically present with a treatment team and peers can create a sense of shared commitment and accountability that some people find essential in early or intensive stages of recovery.  

Key benefits include:  

• In-person meal and snack support, with staff available to coach and reassure you in real time  

• Onsite medical monitoring, including vitals and coordination of labs when needed  

• Immediate access to clinicians who can observe patterns and intervene during difficult moments  

• Peer connection and community in a shared recovery focused environment  

• Opportunities for exposure work around food, body image, and social situations in a controlled setting  

• A clear separation between treatment space and home, which can reduce contact with triggering routines  

These elements can make it easier to interrupt entrenched behaviors and build new, more supportive habits.  

When In-Person Treatment Is Recommended First  

In-person care is often recommended as the first step when safety or medical stability is a concern. It may also be indicated when outpatient or virtual care has not provided enough structure to interrupt eating disorder behaviors.  

Situations where in-person care is usually advised include:  

• Severe malnutrition or rapid weight loss  

• Unstable vital signs or other medical complications  

• Frequent purging, laxative use, or compulsive exercise that is hard to interrupt at home  

• Difficulty completing meals or snacks without direct support  

• Significant distress, isolation, or impairment that limits daily functioning  

Starting with a higher level of care does not mean you have failed. It simply means you deserve the amount of support that matches what you are facing right now.  

Virtual vs. In-Person Eating Disorder Treatment: Key Differences  

Virtual and in-person treatment share the same goal of supporting recovery, but they differ in how structure, support, and monitoring are delivered. Understanding these differences can help you and your team choose the format that best fits your life, symptoms, and safety needs.  

Key comparison points include:  

• Structure: Virtual programs offer scheduled sessions with more flexibility, while in-person PHP and IOP follow a set daily routine at a treatment center.  

• Support: Virtual care provides therapeutic and nutritional support through video sessions, whereas in-person care adds the potential benefit of therapeutic services in a shared space.  

• Environment: Virtual treatment takes place at home or in another private setting, and in-person care occurs in a dedicated, recovery focused space.  

• Monitoring: Virtual programs rely on remote coordination with medical providers, while in person programs can include on-site vitals and closer observation.  

• Meal support: Both programs offer fully supervised meals and snacks.  

• Intensity: Both formats can offer PHP and IOP levels, but residential or inpatient care provides the highest structure when needed for medical or safety reasons.  

Each option has strengths. The best choice depends on what helps you stay engaged and safe.  

Choosing the Right Level of Care for Your Needs  

Choosing a level of care is a collaborative process. A thorough assessment looks at your current symptoms, medical status, history of treatment, and daily life to determine which setting can best support safety and progress.

It is common to move between levels, such as starting with residential or PHP, then stepping down to IOP or virtual care as stability improves. This flexibility helps treatment stay responsive instead of expecting you to fit a fixed path or make a perfect decision the very first time.  

Clinicians often consider:  

• Frequency and severity of eating disorder behaviors  

• Medical stability, including recent labs and vital signs  

• Impact on school, work, and relationships  

• The safety and supportiveness of your home or campus environment  

• Your ability to follow a meal plan with current supports  

• Past responses to outpatient or virtual care  

Virtual versus in person is not always an either or decision. Many people use both at different points in recovery. The goal is to match the setting to what you need right now, and to revisit that choice as your health, responsibilities, and support system evolve over time so that treatment remains both doable, sustainable, and effective for you.  

Questions to Help You Decide  

As you weigh your options, these questions can help clarify what might fit best right now:  

• What level of structure helps me follow my meal plan and attend sessions consistently?  

• Is my home, dorm, or campus environment mostly supportive or often triggering, and who is available to help day to day?  

• Do I need regular medical monitoring, such as vitals, labs, or frequent check ins with a provider?  

• Have I tried outpatient or virtual therapy without the progress or stability I need?  

• Which setting makes me feel more connected, understood, and supported in my recovery work?  

• What practical factors, such as transportation, work, or school, do I need to consider when choosing a program?  

You do not need perfect answers. Honest reflection is enough to start a meaningful conversation with your treatment team.  

How Monte Nido Supports Both Virtual and In-Person Recovery  

Monte Nido offers both virtual and in-person treatment so care can be tailored to your needs instead of asking you to fit a single model. Across all programs, treatment is grounded in evidence-based approaches, a weight-inclusive philosophy, and deep respect for each person’s lived experience.  

Adolescents and adults of all genders, identities, and body sizes are welcomed into spaces that prioritize safety and recovery.  

Our approach includes:  

• Multidisciplinary teams of therapists, dietitians, and medical providers  

• Individualized treatment plans that address your specific goals and challenges  

• Family involvement when helpful for support and healing  

• Thoughtful step-up and step-down transitions between levels of care  

• Attention to long term recovery skills, not only short-term symptom changes  

Whether you begin virtually or in person, you can expect a collaborative, compassionate partnership focused on helping you build a life that is larger than your eating disorder.  

Virtual vs In-Person Treatment FAQs  

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Is virtual eating disorder treatment effective?  

Virtual treatment can be effective for people who are medically stable and able to participate consistently from home. When programs are structured, led by clinicians with eating disorder expertise, and include therapy, groups, and nutrition support, they can offer meaningful accountability and progress.  

What eating disorders can be treated online?  

Virtual PHP and IOP can support clients with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, ARFID, OSFED, and related concerns when safety and medical criteria are met. An assessment helps determine whether telehealth aligns with your current needs.  

How do I know if I need in-person or residential care instead?  

If you are medically unstable, unable to complete meals without close support, or experiencing significant safety concerns, in-person day treatment, residential care, or inpatient hospitalization may be recommended as a starting point.  

Can adolescents receive virtual eating disorder treatment?  

Yes. Adolescents can take part in virtual programming, with structured schedules, family involvement, and clear expectations for participation and support at home.  

Does insurance cover virtual treatment?  

Many insurance plans now cover virtual PHP and IOP. Monte Nido’s Admissions Team can help verify your benefits, review options, and answer questions about coverage.  

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Support Is Available Wherever You Are  

Support for eating disorder recovery can take many forms, and both virtual and in-person treatment can play an important role at different stages of your journey. What matters most is that you receive care that matches your health, safety, and daily life, and that you feel seen and supported while you work toward change.  

As you consider next steps:  

• Remember that needing help is a strength, not a failure  

• Know that it is common to move between levels of care over time  

• Give yourself permission to ask questions and voice concerns  

If you are unsure which option is right for you, Monte Nido’s team can help you explore your choices and find a path forward that feels possible from where you are today.  

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